Nonwoven fabric is a versatile engineered material made by bonding or interlocking fibers mechanically, thermally, or chemically, rather than weaving or knitting them. This structure gives it useful properties such as lightweightness, strength, breathability, softness, and cost-effectiveness. Nonwovens can be produced in many forms, including spunbond, meltblown, and needle-punched fabrics, each suited to different applications. They are widely used in medical masks, protective clothing, hygiene products, wipes, packaging, agriculture, filtration, and construction. With adaptable performance, efficient production, and broad usability, nonwoven fabric has become an essential material in modern daily life and industry.